common.h

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/*                        C O M M O N . H
 * BRL-CAD
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2004-2026 United States Government as represented by
 * the U.S. Army Research Laboratory.
 *
 * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License
 * version 2.1 as published by the Free Software Foundation.
 *
 * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
 * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License along with this file; see the file named COPYING for more
 * information.
 */
 
/** @addtogroup common
 *
 * This header wraps system and compilation-specific defines from
 * brlcad_config.h and removes need to conditionally include
 * brlcad_config.h everywhere based on HAVE_CONFIG_H.  The common
 * definitions are symbols common to the platform being built that are
 * either detected via configure or hand crafted, as is the case for
 * the win32 platform.
 *
 * NOTE: In order to use compile-time API, applications need to define
 * BRLCADBUILD and HAVE_CONFIG_H before including this header.
 *
 */
/** @{ */
/** @brief Header file for the BRL-CAD common definitions. */
/** @file common.h */
 
#ifndef COMMON_H
#define COMMON_H
 
/* include the venerable config.h file.  use a pregenerated one for
 * windows when we cannot auto-generate it easily. do not include
 * config.h if this file has been installed.  (public header files
 * should not use config defines)
 */
#if defined(BRLCADBUILD) && defined(HAVE_CONFIG_H)
 
#  if defined(_WIN32) && !defined(__CYGWIN__) && !defined(__MINGW32__)
#    include "brlcad_config.h"
    /* Put Windows config after brlcad_config.h, since some of the
     * tests in it require defines from brlcad_config.h
     */
#    include "config_win.h"
#  else
#    include "brlcad_config.h"
#  endif  /* _WIN32 */
 
/* Simulates drand48() functionality using rand() which is assumed to
 * exist everywhere. The range is [0, 1).
 */
#  if !defined(HAVE_DRAND48) && !defined(drand48)
#    define drand48() ((double)rand() / (double)(RAND_MAX + 1))
#    define HAVE_DRAND48 1
#    define srand48(seed) (srand(seed))
#    define HAVE_DECL_DRAND48 1
#  elif !defined(HAVE_DECL_DRAND48) && !defined(__cplusplus)
extern double drand48(void);
#  endif
 
# if !defined(__cplusplus) || defined(HAVE_SHARED_RINT_TEST)
/* make sure lrint() is provided */
#   if !defined(lrint)
#     if !defined(HAVE_LRINT)
#       define lrint(_x) (((_x) < 0.0) ? (long int)ceil((_x)-0.5) : (long int)floor((_x)+0.5))
#     elif !defined(HAVE_WINDOWS_H) && !defined(HAVE_DECL_LRINT)
long int lrint(double x);
#       define HAVE_DECL_LRINT 1
#     endif
#   endif
 
#   if !defined(HAVE_LRINT)
#     define HAVE_LRINT 1
#   endif
 
/* make sure rint() is provided */
#   if !defined(rint)
#     if !defined(HAVE_RINT)
#       define rint(_x) (((_x) < 0.0) ? ceil((_x)-0.5) : floor((_x)+0.5))
#     elif !defined(HAVE_WINDOWS_H) && !defined(HAVE_DECL_RINT)
double rint(double x);
#       define HAVE_DECL_RINT 1
#     endif
#   endif
 
#   if !defined(HAVE_RINT)
#     define HAVE_RINT 1
#   endif
# endif
 
/* Make sure THREADLOCAL is defined, only usable on C "POD" types.
 *
 * Apparently MSVC doesn't set the __cplusplus version correctly unless a
 * compiler flag is passed.   Check the _MSVC_LANG variable as well to
 * correctly use thread_local in that context.  Since THREADLOCAL is defined as
 * usable only with POD the declspec form will also work, but we want to use
 * the standardized version when available.*/
#ifndef THREADLOCAL
#  if (defined(__cplusplus) && __cplusplus >= 201103L) || (defined(_MSVC_LANG) && _MSVC_LANG >= 201103L)
#    define THREADLOCAL thread_local // C++11 or newer: thread_local is standard
#  elif !defined(__cplusplus) && defined(__STDC_VERSION__) && __STDC_VERSION__ >= 202311L
#    define THREADLOCAL thread_local // C23: thread_local is standard
#  elif !defined(__cplusplus) && defined(__STDC_VERSION__) && __STDC_VERSION__ >= 201112L
#    define THREADLOCAL _Thread_local // C11: _Thread_local is standard
#  elif defined(HAVE_WINDOWS_H)
#    define THREADLOCAL __declspec(thread) // NOTE:  POD only. thread_local is more capable
#  elif defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__)
#    define THREADLOCAL __thread
#  else
#    error "Cannot define THREADLOCAL for this compiler/platform"
#  endif
#endif
 
/* strict c89 doesn't declare snprintf() */
# if defined(HAVE_SNPRINTF) && !defined(HAVE_DECL_SNPRINTF) && !defined(snprintf) && !defined(__cplusplus)
# include <stddef.h> /* for size_t */
extern int snprintf(char *str, size_t size, const char *format, ...);
# endif
 
#endif  /* BRLCADBUILD & HAVE_CONFIG_H */
 
/* provide declaration markers for header externals */
#ifndef __BEGIN_DECLS
#  ifdef __cplusplus
#    define __BEGIN_DECLS   extern "C" {   /**< if C++, set to extern "C" { */
#    define __END_DECLS     }              /**< if C++, set to } */
#  else
#    define __BEGIN_DECLS /**< if C++, set to extern "C" { */
#    define __END_DECLS   /**< if C++, set to } */
#  endif
#endif
 
/* Because extern "C" doesn't work if we are compiling in C, if we want to
 * specifically denote individual functions for C symbol export in both C and
 * C++ compilation we need a conditional expression.  __BEGIN_DECLS normally
 * serves this purpose in BRL-CAD code, but for function signatures its bracket
 * syntax isn't appropriate.  We therefore define a second utility for the
 * function declaration case: */
#ifndef C_DECL
#  ifdef __cplusplus
#    define C_DECL   extern "C" /**< if C++, set to extern "C" */
#  else
#    define C_DECL              /**< if C define empty */
#  endif
#endif
 
 
/* ANSI c89 does not allow the 'inline' keyword, check if GNU inline
 * rules are in effect.
 *
 * TODO: test removal of __STRICT_ANSI__ on Windows.
 */
#if !defined __cplusplus && (defined(__STRICT_ANSI__) || defined(__GNUC_GNU_INLINE__))
#  ifndef inline
#    define inline /***/
#  endif
#endif
 
/** Find and return the maximum value */
#ifndef FMAX
#  define FMAX(a, b)    (((a)>(b))?(a):(b))
#endif
/** Find and return the minimum value */
#ifndef FMIN
#  define FMIN(a, b)    (((a)<(b))?(a):(b))
#endif
 
/* make sure the old bsd types are defined for portability */
#if defined(BRLCADBUILD) && defined(HAVE_CONFIG_H)
# if !defined(HAVE_U_TYPES)
typedef unsigned char u_char;
typedef unsigned int u_int;
typedef unsigned long u_long;
typedef unsigned short u_short;
#   define HAVE_U_TYPES 1
# endif
#endif
 
/* We want 64 bit (large file) I/O capabilities whenever they are available.
 * Always define this before we include sys/types.h */
#ifndef _FILE_OFFSET_BITS
#  define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS 64
#endif
 
/**
 * make sure ssize_t is provided.  C99 does not provide it even though it is
 * defined in SUS97.  if not available, we create the type aligned with the
 * similar POSIX ptrdiff_t type.
 */
#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(HAVE_SSIZE_T)
#  ifdef HAVE_SYS_TYPES_H
#    include <sys/types.h>
#  endif
#  include <limits.h>
#  include <stddef.h>
typedef ptrdiff_t ssize_t;
#  define HAVE_SSIZE_T 1
#  ifndef SSIZE_MAX
#    if defined(LONG_MAX)
#      define SSIZE_MAX LONG_MAX
#    elif defined(INT_MAX)
#      define SSIZE_MAX INT_MAX
#    elif defined(_POSIX_SSIZE_MAX)
#      define SSIZE_MAX _POSIX_SSIZE_MAX
#    else
       /* Go with POSIX minimum acceptable value. This is smaller than
        * we would like, but is a safe default value.
        */
#      define SSIZE_MAX 32767
#    endif
#  endif
#endif
 
/* make sure most of the C99 stdint types are provided including the
 * optional uintptr_t type.
 */
#if !defined(INT8_MAX) || !defined(INT16_MAX) || !defined(INT32_MAX) || !defined(INT64_MAX)
#  if (defined _MSC_VER && (_MSC_VER <= 1500))
    /* Older Versions of Visual C++ seem to need pstdint.h but still
     * pass the tests below, so force it based on version (ugh.)
     */
#    include "pstdint.h"
#  elif defined(__STDC__) || defined(__STRICT_ANSI__) || defined(__SIZE_TYPE__) || defined(HAVE_STDINT_H)
#    if !defined(__STDC_LIMIT_MACROS)
#      define __STDC_LIMIT_MACROS 1
#    endif
#    if !defined(__STDC_CONSTANT_MACROS)
#      define __STDC_CONSTANT_MACROS 1
#    endif
#    include <stdint.h>
#  else
#    include "pstdint.h"
#  endif
#endif
 
/* off_t is 32 bit size even on 64 bit Windows. In the past we have tried to
 * force off_t to be 64 bit but this is failing on newer Windows/Visual Studio
 * versions in 2020 - therefore, we instead introduce the b_off_t define to
 * properly substitute the correct numerical type for the correct platform.  */
#if defined(_WIN64)
#  include <sys/stat.h>
#  define b_off_t __int64
#  define fstat _fstati64
#  define stat  _stati64
#elif defined (_WIN32)
#  include <sys/stat.h>
#  define b_off_t _off_t
#  define fstat _fstat
#  define stat  _stat
#else
#  define b_off_t off_t
#endif
 
/**
 * Maximum length of a filesystem path.  Typically defined in a system
 * file but if it isn't set, we create it.
 */
#ifndef MAXPATHLEN
#  include <limits.h> // Consistently define (or not) PATH_MAX
#  ifdef PATH_MAX
#    define MAXPATHLEN PATH_MAX
#  elif defined(MAX_PATH)
#    define MAXPATHLEN MAX_PATH
#  elif defined(_MAX_PATH)
#    define MAXPATHLEN _MAX_PATH
#  else
#    define MAXPATHLEN 2048
#  endif
#endif
 
/**
 * Provide a means to conveniently test the version of the GNU
 * compiler.  Use it like this:
 *
 * @code
 * #if GCC_PREREQ(2,8)
 * ... code requiring gcc 2.8 or later ...
 * #endif
 * @endcode
 *
 * WARNING: THIS MACRO IS CONSIDERED PRIVATE AND SHOULD NOT BE USED
 * OUTSIDE OF THIS HEADER FILE.  DO NOT RELY ON IT.
 */
#ifdef GCC_PREREQ
#  warning "GCC_PREREQ unexpectedly defined.  Ensure common.h is included first."
#  undef GCC_PREREQ
#endif
#if defined __GNUC__
#  define GCC_PREREQ(major, minor) __GNUC__ > (major) || (__GNUC__ == (major) && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= (minor))
#else
#  define GCC_PREREQ(major, minor) 0
#endif
 
/**
 * Provide a means to conveniently test the version of the Intel
 * compiler.  Use it like this:
 *
 * @code
 * #if ICC_PREREQ(800)
 * ... code requiring icc 8.0 or later ...
 * #endif
 * @endcode
 *
 * WARNING: THIS MACRO IS CONSIDERED PRIVATE AND SHOULD NOT BE USED
 * OUTSIDE OF THIS HEADER FILE.  DO NOT RELY ON IT.
 */
/* provide a means to conveniently test the version of ICC */
#ifdef ICC_PREREQ
#  warning "ICC_PREREQ unexpectedly defined.  Ensure common.h is included first."
#  undef ICC_PREREQ
#endif
#if defined __INTEL_COMPILER
#  define ICC_PREREQ(version) (__INTEL_COMPILER >= (version))
#else
#  define ICC_PREREQ(version) 0
#endif
 
/* This is so we can use gcc's "format string vs arguments"-check for
 * various printf-like functions, and still maintain compatibility.
 */
#ifndef __attribute__
/* This feature is only available in gcc versions 2.5 and later. */
#  if !GCC_PREREQ(2, 5)
#    define __attribute__(ignore) /* empty */
#  endif
/* The __-protected variants of `format' and `printf' attributes
 * are accepted by gcc versions 2.6.4 (effectively 2.7) and later.
 */
#  if !GCC_PREREQ(2, 7)
#    define __format__ format
#    define __printf__ printf
#    define __noreturn__ noreturn
#  endif
#endif
 
/* gcc 3.4 doesn't seem to support always_inline with -O0 (yet -Os
 * reportedly works), so turn it off.
 */
#if !GCC_PREREQ(3, 5)
#  define always_inline noinline
#endif
 
/**
 * UNUSED provides a common mechanism for declaring unused parameters.
 * Use it like this:
 *
 * int
 * my_function(int argc, char **UNUSED(argv))
 * {
 *   ...
 * }
 *
 */
#ifdef UNUSED
#  warning "UNUSED unexpectedly defined.  Ensure common.h is included first."
#  undef UNUSED
#endif
#if GCC_PREREQ(2, 5)
/* GCC-style compilers have an attribute */
#  define UNUSED(parameter) UNUSED_ ## parameter __attribute__((unused))
#elif defined(__cplusplus)
/* C++ allows the name to go away */
#  define UNUSED(parameter) /* parameter */
#else
/* some are asserted when !NDEBUG */
#  define UNUSED(parameter) (parameter)
#endif
 
/**
 * LIKELY provides a common mechanism for providing branch prediction
 * hints to the compiler so that it can better optimize.  It should be
 * used when it's exceptionally likely that an expected code path will
 * almost always be executed.  Use it like this:
 *
 *  if (LIKELY(x == 1)) {
 *    ... expected code path ...
 *  }
 *
 */
#ifdef LIKELY
#  undef LIKELY
#  warning "LIKELY unexpectedly defined.  Ensure common.h is included first."
#endif
#if GCC_PREREQ(3, 0) || ICC_PREREQ(800)
#  define LIKELY(expression) __builtin_expect((expression), 1)
#else
#  define LIKELY(expression) (expression)
#endif
 
/**
 * UNLIKELY provides a common mechanism for providing branch
 * prediction hints to the compiler so that it can better optimize.
 * It should be used when it's exceptionally unlikely that a given code
 * path will ever be executed.  Use it like this:
 *
 *  if (UNLIKELY(x == 0)) {
 *    ... unexpected code path ...
 *  }
 *
 */
#ifdef UNLIKELY
#  undef UNLIKELY
#  warning "UNLIKELY unexpectedly defined.  Ensure common.h is included first."
#endif
#if GCC_PREREQ(3, 0) || ICC_PREREQ(800)
#  define UNLIKELY(expression) __builtin_expect((expression), 0)
#else
#  define UNLIKELY(expression) (expression)
#endif
 
/**
 * DEPRECATED provides a common mechanism for denoting public API
 * (e.g., functions, typedefs, variables) that is considered
 * deprecated.  Use it like this:
 *
 * DEPRECATED int my_function(void);
 *
 * typedef struct karma some_type DEPRECATED;
 */
#ifdef DEPRECATED
#  undef DEPRECATED
#  warning "DEPRECATED unexpectedly defined.  Ensure common.h is included first."
#endif
#if GCC_PREREQ(3, 1) || ICC_PREREQ(800)
#  define DEPRECATED __attribute__((deprecated))
#elif defined(_WIN32)
#  define DEPRECATED __declspec(deprecated("This function is DEPRECATED.  Please update code to new API."))
#else
#  define DEPRECATED /* deprecated */
#endif
 
 
/**
 * NORETURN declares that a function does not return.
 *
 * For portability, the attribute must precede the function, i.e., be
 * declared on the left:
 *
 * NORETURN void function(void);
 *
 * Note that throwing an exception or calling longjmp() do not
 * constitute a return.  Functions that (always) infinite loop can be
 * considered functions that do not return.  Functions that do not
 * return should have a void return type.  This option is a hint to
 * compilers and static analyzers, to reduce false positive reporting.
 */
#ifdef NORETURN
#  undef NORETURN
#  warning "NORETURN unexpectedly defined.  Ensure common.h is included first."
#endif
#if defined(HAVE_NORETURN_ATTRIBUTE)
#  define NORETURN __attribute__((__noreturn__))
#elif defined(HAVE_NORETURN_DECLSPEC)
#  define NORETURN __declspec(noreturn)
#else
#  define NORETURN /* does not return */
#endif
 
 
/**
 * FAUX_NORETURN declares a function should be treated as if it does
 * not return, even though it can.
 *
 * As this label is (currently) Clang-specific, it can be declared on
 * the left or right of a function declaration.  Left is recommended
 * for consistency with other annotations, e.g.:
 *
 * FAUX_NORETURN void function(void);
 *
 * This annocation is almost identical to NORETURN except that it does
 * not affect code generation and can be used on functions that
 * actually return.  It's typically useful for annotating assertion
 * handlers (e.g., assert()) that sometimes return and should not be
 * used on NORETURN functions.  This annotation is primarily a hint to
 * static analyzers.
 */
#ifdef FAUX_NORETURN
#  undef FAUX_NORETURN
#  warning "FAUX_NORETURN unexpectedly defined.  Ensure common.h is included first."
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_ANALYZER_NORETURN_ATTRIBUTE
#  define FAUX_NORETURN __attribute__((analyzer_noreturn))
#else
#  define FAUX_NORETURN /* pretend does not return */
#endif
 
 
/* ActiveState Tcl doesn't include this catch in tclPlatDecls.h, so we
 * have to add it for them
 */
#if defined(_MSC_VER) && defined(__STDC__)
#  include <tchar.h>
/* MSVC++ misses this. */
typedef _TCHAR TCHAR;
#endif
 
/* Avoid -Wundef warnings for system headers that use __STDC_VERSION__ without
 * checking if it's defined.
 */
#if !defined(__STDC_VERSION__)
#  define __STDC_VERSION__ 0
#endif
 
 
/* workaround for system Eigen on Mac which uses alloca without proper includes */
#if defined(__APPLE__) && !defined(alloca)
#  define alloca(x) malloc(x)
#endif
 
/**
 * globally disable certain warnings.  do NOT add new warnings here
 * without discussion and research.  only warnings that cannot be
 * quieted without objectively decreasing code quality should be
 * added!  even warnings that are innocuous or produce false-positive
 * should be quelled when possible.
 *
 * any warnings added should include a description and justification.
 */
#if defined(_MSC_VER)
 
/* /W1 warning C4351: new behavior: elements of array '...' will be default initialized
 *
 * i.e., this is the "we now implement constructor member
 * initialization correctly" warning that tells the user an
 * initializer like this:
 *
 * Class::Class() : some_array() {}
 *
 * will now initialize all members of some_array.  previous to
 * MSVC2005, behavior was to not initialize in some cases...
 */
#  pragma warning( disable : 4351 )
 
/* warning C5105: macro expansion producing 'defined' has undefined behavior
 *
 * this appears to be an erroneous issue in the latest msvc
 * pre-processor that has support for the new C17 standard, which
 * triggers warnings in Windows SDK headers (e.g., winbase.h) that
 * use the defined operator in certain macros.
 */
#  pragma warning( disable : 5105 )
 
/* dubious warnings that are not yet intentionally disabled:
 *
 * /W3 warning C4800: 'int' : forcing value to bool 'true' or 'false' (performance warning)
 *
 * this warning is caused by assigning an int (or other non-boolean
 * value) to a bool like this:
 *
 * int i = 1; bool b = i;
 *
 * there is something to be said for making such assignments explicit,
 * e.g., "b = (i != 0);", but this arguably decreases readability or
 * clarity and the fix has potential for introducing logic errors.
 */
/*#  pragma warning( disable : 4800 ) */
 
#endif
 
/**
 * Provide a macro for different treatment of initialized extern const
 * variables between C and C++.  In C the following initialization
 * (definition) is acceptable for external linkage:
 *
 *   const int var = 10;
 *
 * but in C++ const is implicitly internal linkage so it must have
 * extern qualifier:
 *
 *   extern const int var = 10;
 *
 * In a lot of situations you can just use "extern" for both C and
 * C++, but there are some trickier cases (src/rt is one example)
 * where it is simpler to do things this way.
 */
#if defined(__cplusplus)
#  define EXTERNCPP extern
#else
#  define EXTERNCPP
#endif
 
/**
 * Provide canonical preprocessor stringification.
 *
 @code
 *     #define abc 123
 *     CPP_STR(abc) => "abc"
 @endcode
 */
#ifndef CPP_STR
#  define CPP_STR(x) # x
#endif
 
/**
 * Provide canonical preprocessor expanded stringification.
 *
 @code
 *     #define abc 123
 *     CPP_XSTR(abc) => "123"
 @endcode
 */
#ifndef CPP_XSTR
#  define CPP_XSTR(x) CPP_STR(x)
#endif
 
/**
 * Provide canonical preprocessor concatenation.
 *
 @code
 *     #define abc 123
 *     CPP_GLUE(abc, 123) => abc123
 *     CPP_STR(CPP_GLUE(abc, 123)) => "CPP_GLUE(abc, 123)"
 *     CPP_XSTR(CPP_GLUE(abc, 123)) => "abc123"
 *     #define abc123 "xyz"
 *     CPP_GLUE(abc, 123) => abc123 => "xyz"
 @endcode
 */
#ifndef CPP_GLUE
#  define CPP_GLUE(a, b) a ## b
#endif
 
/**
 * Provide canonical preprocessor expanded concatenation.
 *
 @code
 *     #define abc 123
 *     CPP_XGLUE(abc, 123) => 123123
 *     CPP_STR(CPP_XGLUE(abc, 123)) => "CPP_XGLUE(abc, 123)"
 *     CPP_XSTR(CPP_XGLUE(abc, 123)) => "123123"
 @endcode
 */
#ifndef CPP_XGLUE
#  define CPP_XGLUE(a, b) CPP_GLUE(a, b)
#endif
 
/**
 * Provide format specifier string tied to a size (e.g., "%123s")
 *
 @code
 *     #define STR_LEN 10+1
 *     char str[STR_LEN] = {0};
 *     scanf(CPP_SCANSIZE(STR_LEN) "\n", str);
 @endcode
 */
#ifndef CPP_SCAN
#  define CPP_SCAN(sz) "%" CPP_XSTR(sz) "s"
#endif
 
/**
 * Provide the current filename and linenumber as a static
 * preprocessor string in "file"":""line" format (e.g., "file:123").
 */
#ifndef CPP_FILELINE
#  define CPP_FILELINE __FILE__ ":" CPP_XSTR(__LINE__)
#endif
 
/**
 * If we've not already defined COMPILER_DLLEXPORT and COMPILER_DLLIMPORT,
 * define them away so code including the *_EXPORT header logic won't
 * fail.
 */
#if defined(_MSC_VER)
#  define COMPILER_DLLEXPORT __declspec(dllexport)
#  define COMPILER_DLLIMPORT __declspec(dllimport)
#elif defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__)
#  define COMPILER_DLLEXPORT __attribute__ ((visibility ("default")))
#  define COMPILER_DLLIMPORT __attribute__ ((visibility ("default")))
#else
#  define COMPILER_DLLEXPORT
#  define COMPILER_DLLIMPORT
#endif
 
#endif  /* COMMON_H */
 
/** @} */
/*
 * Local Variables:
 * mode: C
 * tab-width: 8
 * indent-tabs-mode: t
 * c-file-style: "stroustrup"
 * End:
 * ex: shiftwidth=4 tabstop=8
 */